Articles Tagged with Annulment

iStock-545456068-300x184A party may challenge a judgment as void through either a collateral or direct attack. Generally, a Texas divorce decree is only subject to collateral attack if the court lacked jurisdiction over the parties or subject matter.  Other errors must be challenged through a direct attack.  A direct attack can be either a pleading filed in the original case while the trial court still has plenary power or a timely-filed bill of review under a new cause number.  A bill of review is generally the only appropriate method of direct attack after the trial court’s plenary power has expired.

Husband Seeks to Set Aside Divorce Decree

In a recent case, a husband filed a separate lawsuit seeking to have the divorce decree set aside, arguing the marriage and decree were both void due to the wife’s bigamy.

A trial court had denied the husband’s request for annulment based on fraud, but granted his petition for divorce in March 2019.  The court also awarded the wife certain assets.  The following month, the wife was indicted for bigamy.  The indictment alleged she had still been married to someone else when she married the husband in 2017. The husband was ordered to pay her attorney’s fees and spousal support in June 2019.  In July, the wife petitioned for enforcement.

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iStock-1270267953Marriages in Texas are generally presumed to be valid. Tex. Fam. Code Ann. § 1.101.  In some cases, however, a party may seek to have a marriage determined to be invalid by pursuing an annulment.  When a person petitions for annulment, they are taking the position that the marriage was not valid and should be declared void.  One reason a party may seek an annulment is if they were induced to enter the marriage through fraud, duress, or force by the other party. A party may only be granted an annulment on these grounds if they did not voluntarily live with the other party after finding out about the fraud or no longer being under duress or force. Tex. Fam. Code § 6.107. A divorce suit, however, presumes the marriage was valid, but asks that it be dissolved.

Trial Court Grants Divorce instead of Annulment

A former husband recently appealed his divorce, arguing that the court should have granted his petition for annulment instead of the wife’s counter-petition for divorce.  They were both Chinese nationals living in different cities in Texas and got married days before the husband’s last interview for his green card. The wife was attending university in Odessa on a non-immigrant student visa at the time. Before the marriage, they agreed they would live apart until the wife graduated, but that the wife would move into off-campus housing so the husband could visit her. They also agreed she would move to San Antonio, where the husband lived, after graduation. She instead ultimately rented a room in Odessa.

The wife got a green card in 2016 based on her marriage.  The husband became concerned she married him to speed up her immigration.  He petitioned for annulment on the grounds of fraud in July 2017.   The wife subsequently counter-petitioned for divorce.

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Should I get a divorce or an annulment? What is the difference?

New clients often ask whether they should seek a divorce or an annulment. The answer, unsurprisingly, is, “it depends.”

First, it is important to understand the difference between a divorce and an annulment.  One way to remember the distinction between them is this: with a divorce, a court is saying the marriage is over; with an annulment, a court is saying the marriage never existed in the first place.

How do you know if you are eligible for one or the other or both?  Continue Reading ›

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